Bar chair case
Agullo v. Victa-Espinosa
G.R. No. 269921
Civil Law
Accion publiciana
On chart
Legal Flowcharts: Visual Review Companion
Philippine court procedures as connected maps: steps, deadlines, remedies, and the cases that apply.
A focused companion product for law school, Bar review, and legal practice, especially for users who understand faster through visual structure.
37flowcharts in the Current Law Package
15single-subject charts to choose from
93bar-chair case digests, linked to the charts
Quarterlylegal audit against primary sources
Watch it in 15 seconds.
SophosKnow every deadline in Philippine procedure.
Everything a procedure needs, on the map.
Deadlines, linked cases, the rule behind each step, and quarterly audits, each attached to the step it belongs to.
Small Claims, Rule IV REPFLEC
- FilingStatement of Claims
- 24HRS
- Summons and Service
- 10CD NON-EXT
- Verified Response
- Within judicial region+30 CDOutside judicial region+60 CD
Illustration
Bar chair case
People v. Peralta et al.
G.R. No. 257105
Remedial Law
Peralta's case dismissed
On chart
Answer, Rules of Court, Rule 11
PLEADING
Answer
DetailsHearing
ResponsibilityDefendant
Period30 calendar days from service of summons
Rule basisRules of Court, Rule 11, Sec. 1
Rule
File a responsive pleading (Answer) within the applicable period from the relevant trigger event (e.g., service/BoP compliance/amended complaint); may include affirmative defenses.
Next steps
1Without Affirmative Defense (Answer)
2With affirmative Defense (Answer)
3With Actionable Document (Answer)
Primary sources
Verified against primary sourcesRe-checked every quarter
- Rules of Court, 2019 amendments
- Rules on Summary Procedure (REPFLEC)
- Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure
- Local Government Code
- 1987 Constitution
Inside the app, step by step.
This is what you open when you order: the chart, the rule behind each step, and the cases that decide it.
Follow the map
Every branch the rules allow, in one view.
SophosOrdinary Civil ActionStudy
PLEADINGComplaintPlaintiff
COURT ACTIONSummonsCourt
PLEADINGAnswerDefendant
HEARINGPre-trialEither party
OTHERNo AnswerDefendant
MOTIONMotion to Declare Defendant in DefaultPlaintiff
COURT ACTIONOrder Granting DefaultCourt
30CD
Open any step
Who acts, by when, and under what rule.
PLEADING
Answer
DetailsHearing
ResponsibilityDefendant
Period30 calendar days from service of summons
Rule basisRules of Court, Rule 11, Sec. 1
Rule
File a responsive pleading (Answer) within the applicable period from the relevant trigger event (e.g., service/BoP compliance/amended complaint); may include affirmative defenses.
Next steps
1Without Affirmative Defense (Answer)
2With affirmative Defense (Answer)
3With Actionable Document (Answer)
Connect the cases
Read the case, then jump to its step.
★Bar chair case, Rosario, J., 2027 Bar
Agullo et al. v. Victa-Espinosa
G.R. No. 269921 · April 22, 2025 · En Banc
Civil Law and Land Titles and DeedsAccion publiciana; case to proceedOn chart
Doctrine
A complaint for accion publiciana may be filed when dispossession has lasted for more than one year in any case, and also when it has lasted for one year or less in cases other than those in Rule 70, that is, without allegation of dispossession by force, intimidation, threat, strategy or stealth. The nature of an action is determined by the allegations of the complaint, so a complaint that alleges ownership but does not seek recovery of ownership or allege that the defendant disputes it is accion publiciana, not accion reivindicatoria.
a
A trial court may motu proprio dismiss a claim only for lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter, litis pendentia, res judicata or prescription (Rule 9, Sec. 1), and prematurity is not a ground for dismissal before summons is issued.
b
The nature of an action and the court that has jurisdiction are determined by the allegations in the complaint and not by the caption or later pleadings or motions.
PLEADINGComplaintPlaintiff1
COURT ACTIONSummonsCourt
And everything around the chart.
Flowcharts
Case digests
Deadlines
Periods
Remedies
Branches
Conditions
Rule basis
Next steps
Previous steps
Court orders
Hearings
Notes
Case links
Rule versions
Poster print
Search
Far-step jump
Spotlight
Phone ready
Audit badge
Responsibility
Optionality
Citations
Cutoff date
Group frames
Built from primary sources
- Rules of Court
- Rules of Criminal Procedure
- Special Civil Actions
- Special Proceedings
- Summary Procedure (REPFLEC)
- Small Claims Rules
- Katarungang Pambarangay
- Labor Code and NLRC Rules
- Local Government Code
- 1987 Constitution
Choose your flowchart set
Start with one subject, or take the full Bar Season set.
Pick the option that matches your current review need. The order form above asks you to upload proof of payment so your order can be manually verified.
Single Subject
Choose one flowchart
Visual support for one specific subject. Contact support to order the exact chart you need.
1
flowchart included
One-time purchase · yours to keep
- Any one of 15 procedure charts
- Ordinary Civil Action, Criminal, Labor, Tax, and more
- Reflects the law as verified on your purchase date
- Best for a single weak-spot subject
- Delivered digitally
This price covers your snapshot only. Ongoing Verification updates as the law changes are offered separately. See below.
Price (each)
₱499
Contact Support
Full set
Best value
Bar Season Access
Every flowchart set for the current Bar season, the strongest option for visual-heavy review.
18
flowcharts included
17 more flowcharts than Single Subject, for just +₱1,000
- 18 flowchart sets: OCA, CrimPro, Labor, Tax, and more
- Access through September 30 this year, regardless of purchase date
- 3 devices per license
- Bar Chair Cases included
- Jurisdiction Checker tool
- Print export
Price
₱1,499 /season
*Ends Sept 30
Order Bar Season Access
Current Law
Most complete
Current Law Package
Everything in Bar Season, kept current year-round, plus expanded coverage and study tools.
39
flowcharts included
Already have Bar Season Access? Upgrade for just +₱800
- Everything in Bar Season Access (18 charts)
- Plus 21 new charts: 7 Special Civil Actions and 14 Special Proceedings
- Evidence Canvas: visual case mapper
- Quarterly legal-audit updates, kept current year-round
Price
₱2,299 /year
*Renews annually
Order Current Law Package
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Study Buddy add-on
Adds one named seat to your Bar Season or Current Law access: 2 seats, 5 devices combined. Not a standalone tier.
Note: Printed orders are not offered. All flowchart sets are delivered digitally. Single Subject purchases reflect the law as verified on your purchase date; they are yours to keep but are not automatically updated as the law changes. An optional Verification plan for ongoing updates is in development. Check the "interested" box at checkout when you order below and we'll email you the moment it's ready.
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LEGAL FLOWCHARTS ORDER FORM
Order your selected visual flowcharts.
Choose the flowchart set you want, scan the payment QR, upload your proof of payment, and complete the final order details for manual verification.
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Some legal topics are easier to review when you can see the structure.
Rules, remedies, periods, and exceptions are scattered across readings. A flowchart gives you the mental map before the deeper study.
Example map
Filing
(Statement of Claims)
(Statement of Claims)
24HRS
Summons &
Service
Service
10CD·NON-EXT
Verified
Response
Response
Within judicial region+30 CD
Outside judicial region+60 CD
Hearing
24HRS
Judgment
Flags deadlines that can’t be extended.
Every branch the rules allow, mapped.
Citations checked against primary sources, quarterly.
Small Claims · Rule IV, REPFLEC, one map in the set
- Flags deadlines that can’t be extended.
- Every branch the rules allow, mapped.
- Citations checked against primary sources, quarterly.
Verified against primary sourcesRe-checked every quarter
Turn scattered rules into pathways
Use diagrams to connect legal stages, procedural consequences, and topic relationships in one clearer review flow.
Support active recall
Visual structures make it easier to test whether you remember the next step, exception, remedy, or consequence.
Review faster before deeper reading
A diagram can help you preview or revisit a topic before going back to codals, lectures, cases, or reviewers.
Designed for reviewees who want clarity before memorization.
These legal diagrams are best used as review companions: open them when you need to understand the big picture, locate where a rule fits, or quickly revisit a procedural sequence.
Clear topic segmentation
Materials are organized around specific review areas and procedural subjects.
Visual sequence logic
Helpful for topics that depend on steps, remedies, periods, or branching consequences.
Digital review use
Study with the files on your laptop, tablet, or phone depending on the product set.
Complements formal review
Use with your law school materials, Bar lectures, codal reading, or your own review workflow.
A visual companion for different review styles.
Before reading
Use the diagram first to understand the map of the topic before going deeper into codals, cases, or lectures.
After lectures
Revisit the flowchart after a class or review lecture to organize what you just heard into a more memorable structure.
Before quizzes or exams
Quickly scan the flow to refresh the order of steps, remedies, and consequences before testing yourself.
HOW TO ORDER
A simple manual verification order flow.
Choose your set
Select the flowchart product that fits your current review need.
Pay using your chosen channel
Use the GCash or BPI QR displayed in the order form.
Upload proof of payment
Submit a clear screenshot so your order can be manually verified.
Wait for delivery or access
After verification, your order will be processed according to the selected product.
Before you order, here's what to know.
These reminders help make the ordering and verification process clearer before you submit your payment proof.
Are these printed materials?
No. Printed orders are currently not offered. These are digital visual review materials intended for convenient study on your device.
How will my order be verified?
Your order will be manually checked using your selected product, payment channel, payment screenshot, amount, and reference number if available.
What should my proof of payment show?
Ideally, your screenshot should show the payment channel, paid amount, date and time, and transaction reference number. Please avoid uploading screenshots that show OTPs, passwords, or private banking credentials.
Can I pay through GCash or BPI?
Yes. The order form lets you choose between GCash and BPI. The QR code and payment instructions will update depending on your selected payment channel.
Can I add the Duo add-on to a license I already have?
Yes. If you already purchased Bar Season Access or Current Law Package without Duo, email us and we'll add it to your existing license by hand. You keep your same license key and your already-registered devices keep working. Adding Duo does not reset or extend your license's expiry date; it simply adds the extra device slot for however much time is left on your current license.
If I upgrade from Bar Season Access to Current Law Package, do I get extra time?
No. If you already have Bar Season Access and want to upgrade to Current Law Package, contact us directly rather than placing a separate order. We'll apply your Current Law year starting from your original Bar Season purchase date, not the day you upgrade. Upgrading doesn't add extra total months compared to buying Current Law Package outright from the start; you're paying the price difference for the extra content and tools, not for extra time.
Can these replace full Bar review?
No. The diagrams are review companions. They are best used with codal reading, cases, lectures, reviewers, and your broader review system.
Who are these best for?
They are especially helpful for visual learners, law students reviewing procedure-heavy topics, and Bar reviewees who want a clearer map of rules, remedies, stages, and topic relationships.
What if my upload has issues?
The form includes an optional backup screenshot link field. You may use it if direct upload does not work on your device.
When will I receive access or delivery?
Access or delivery is processed after manual verification. It may not be instant, especially if the payment details are incomplete or require additional checking.
Can I share the files with classmates or upload them elsewhere?
No. The materials are copyright-protected and may be tracked. They are for the purchaser's own review use only and should not be uploaded, redistributed, resold, or shared without authorization.
Can I use the flowcharts with my other review materials?
Yes. Use them alongside your law school materials, Bar lectures, and codal reading. The flowcharts give you the map; your readings give you the depth.
When does Bar Season Access expire?
Bar Season Access runs through September 30 each year, regardless of when you purchase it. It's built around the bar exam cycle. The content is frozen to the official coverage cutoff for that Bar year, so it stays stable throughout your review.
How does the Current Law Package renewal work?
Current Law runs for 12 months from your own purchase date and renews annually. It isn't tied to the September 30 bar season cutoff. If you upgrade from Bar Season Access, your Current Law year begins from your original purchase date rather than the upgrade date.
See the whole procedure before you read a page.
Order a license and open the charts today, or try the app first.
